This article should provide the reader with the knowledge and understanding of the various types and levels of hate crimes as defined in the State of California.

A generation ago, law enforcement was one of the most respected professions in the country. Police officers got free meals when they went to restaurants. More importantly for our purposes, jurors always gave them the benefit of the doubt in court. But public confidence in police officers recently hit a twenty-seven-year low. Now, police officers buy their own food. And, in court, jurors give police officers no additional deference.